General Pervez Mushraf Era, his services to Pakistan

                      Outline

• Introduction
• Background
• Kargil conflict
• Legal framework order 2000
• Restricted political parties
• Term of office
• Seats of national assembly
• Dissolvenational assembly
• Election commission
• Mediation community
• Senate powers
• Local government system
• Election commission
• General election
• Prime Minister
• Reforms of Pervez Musharaf
• MEega project
• Educational reforms
• Criminal law
• Health sector
• Siege of Lal masjid
• 2008 Election
• The downfall of Pervez Musharaf

Introduction

 Pervez Musharraf was born on 11th August 1943 in Delhi India. He belonged to a middle-class family. His father, Syed Musharraf Uddin, worked in the Foreign Office of the Indian government After the partition of the Indian sub-continent, the family migrated to Pakistan and settled in Karachi. Musharraf returned to Pakistan in 1957 and attended Saint Patrick’s School in Karachi. He graduated from the Forman Christian College Lahore and in 1961 entered the Pakistan Military Academy, at Kakulon 12th October 1999 the elected government of primary minister of Nawaz Shareef dissolves by the chief of army staff General Pervez Musharraf. in 1990 he was promoted to major general.

 On12th October 1999 the elected government of the primary minister Nawaz Shareef was dissolved by the chief of army staff General Pervez Musharraf. And become the ninth president of Pakistan on 17 October 1999 while addressing the nation after coming into power he expressed his inner feeling he said we lost our dignity or honor our respect he request the public to cooperate with him.

Background

Pervez Musharraf's military coup was yet another attempt to rewrite the political history of our country. He removes the primary ministers of Pakistan and impose martial law in the country by issuing a controversial provisional order in 1999. His relationship with the military was not good Nawaz Shareef took steps against the military during the Kargil war when Mushraf goes to fight a war with India Nawaz Sharif remove him from his office without informing him. When he comes to war he knows about it and then takes action against him with the support of the Pakistan military. The military support him because he signed an accord with the USA to withdraw forces from Kargil and to respect the line of control of Kashmir in the future.

During this circumstance Pakistan army face many issues because he did not inform them about the withdrawal of forces this war cleared a lot of issues in Pakistan week country's economy, it create political instability in Pakistan that why the military take action against the prime minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif and remove him for his office and impose martial in the country. In December 2000 Nawaz Sharif is freed from prison on hijacking and corruption charges and sent exiled to Saudi Arabia and banned from returning to Pakistan for 10 years.

Kargil conflict

General Pervez Musharraf was the main strategist behind the Kargil plan which was launched in March 1999 Pakistan and Kashmir more solid Kashmirsolider began infiltrating on the India side of the LOC. When India discover this movement the conflict escalate to a full-scale war between  May and June 19099 however as the international pressure intensified the prime minister Nawaz Sharif withdrew support to the insurgents In the kargil conflict and the Pakistan army had to evacuate the captured posts retracing their steps back to Pakistan. This step of Nawaz Shareef create many problems for army forces and also in the country. It creates political instability and weakens the county's economy and it is also one of the main reasons for the downfall of the Nawaz Sharif government.

Legal framework order 2000

The armed force come into power in 2002 for two years Nawaz Sharif replace with chief army staff Musharraf. He became the 90th president of Pakistan and introduced legal framework order in Pakistan which has the following main feature.

 • Restricted political parties

The legal framework order restricted political parties to say that no political party should promote sectarian ethnic, regional hatred, or animosity.

• Term of office

It was said that the president of Pakistan hold office for five years from the day he assumed such office.

• Seats of the national assembly

Seats of national and provincial assemblies were increased

• Dissolve the national assembly 

Article 58(b)2 deleted from the constitution by the 134 amendments was revived the president was again empowered to dissolve the national assembly at his discretion and the governor have the power to dissolve provincial assemblies

• Election commission

Musharraf announced the General Elections for the Parliament and Provincial Assemblies. To secure his position as President, Musharraf needed political support in the National Assembly. Musharraf and the military elite supported the PML(Q).  The net result was that PML(Q) secured 78 seats in the National Assembly out of 268.  It bagged 128 seats in Punjab. As a result, its position in the Punjab Assembly strengthened.

Mediation community

In case of a difference of opinion on a bill between the two houses of the parliament, the bill would be referred to a mediation community consisting of 16 members 8 members for each house of the parliament• Senate powers

LFO decrease the powers of the senate it said that if the national assembly pass any bill it will send it to the senate if it give it a recommendation in one week then it would pass it would not give any response then without the recommendation of the senate this bill would be a pass.

• Local government system

To confer constitutional status LFO introduces a local government system.• Election commission

The election commission of Pakistan was enlarged by including four judges of the high court one from each province.

General electionn

On 27 February 2002 conduct of general election order 2002 was promulgated on 16 august 2002 the election commission announced the election schedule and 10 October was fixed as polling day for elections to the national and provincial assemblies .all the political parties decided to participate in the elections

Mesanwhile, the military government put together a political party all those whose cases were pending investigation with NAB were easily susceptible to the pressure of the military government and were easily persuaded to join the military or king party PML(Q)  won this election to get 78 seats from national 128, Punjab,10 Sindh, 7 NWFP, 10 Baluchistan.

Prime Minister

Jamali was elected prime minister of Pakistan whose elected from Baluchistan he won the majority of seats in the election. Jamali proved to be totally ineffective as prime minister .he took no chances and did not assert himself. He did not want to be a junejo by getting on the wrong side of the military establishment he went to the extent of calling Musharraf his boss, it appeared that he was happy with the protocol of the prime minister. Musharraf called all the shots and Jamali and his cabinet did what they were told.

Reforms of Pervez Musharraf

Pervez Musharaf introduces the following reforms in Pakistan

• mega project

Work on 102 mega projects was initiated in various sectors from 2000 such projects include Makran coastal Highway, Lowari Tunnel,Pindi bhattian- Faisalabad Motorway (M-30) Karachi northern bypass Mirani Dam, Barakzai Dam Satpura Dam kachhi Canal, Gowader port, the lining of watercourses, Mansehra-Naran- jalkhad Road Diamer- bhasha DAM Neelum- Jhelum hydro-electric project and Islamabad Muzaffarabad road. Six projects coasting between RS1-5 billion have since been completed

• Educational reforms

1. Air University (established 2002)
2. Institute of Space technology, ISB (established 2002)
3.  Sardar Bahadur Khan Women University, Quetta (established 2004)
4. University of Science & Technology, Bannu (established 2005)
5. the University of Hazara (founded 2002)
6. Malakand university, Chakdara (established 2002)
7. Karakorum International University, Gilgit (established 2002)
8. the University of Gujrat (established 2004)
9. the Virtual University of Pak, Lahore (established 2002)
10. Sarhad University of IT, Peshawar (established 2001)
11. National Law University, ISB (2007)
12. Media University, ISB (2007)
13. University of Education, Lahore (2002)
14. Lasbella University of Marine Sciences, Baluchistan (2005)
15. Baluchistan University of IT & Management, Quetta (2002), etc.

• Criminal law

Criminal law was introduced to provide security for women. Enactment of the women protection act 2006 which provides a just and secure environment for women to work as equal partners for the development of Pakistan

• Health sector

From 2002 -to 2008 health indicators had shown gradual improvement. Many new initiatives in the health sector were undertaken during this period including the expanded program of immunization polio eradication programmer’s hepatitis control programmers, primary health care programs, TB prevention

• Siege of Lal masjid

As the country was gripped in the clutches of suicide bombing and Islamic extremism anti-Musharraf elements on the particular institution the lal masjid became the hub of activity line their demand to the government to impose  shariah madrassah students and women began  attacking DVD shops and causing disruptions in their activities these people were part of the seminaries in the lal masjid owned by two brothers  who had continued to challenge the write of the general during his tenure

• 2008 Election

General elections were held on 18 February 2008, in which the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) polled the highest votes and won the most seats. On 23 March 2008, President Musharraf said an "era of democracy" had begun in Pakistan and that he had put the country "on the track of development and progress". On 22 March, the PPP named former parliament speaker Syed Yousaf Raza Gillani as its candidate for the country's next prime minister, to lead a coalition government united against him.

• The downfall of Pervez Musharaf

On 18 August 2008, Musharraf announced his resignation. On the following day, he defended his nine-year rule in an hour-long televised speech. However, public opinion was largely against him by this time. A poll conducted a day after his resignation showed that 63% of Pakistanis welcomed Musharraf's decision to step down. While only 15% were unhappy with it. On 23 November 2008, he left for exile in London